Posts Tagged ‘networks’

The Power of Networks

Monday, November 23rd, 2009

I used to think that work came about by talent alone. As if getting a gig were as simple as sending off a few resumes and portfolios and waiting for the phone to ring off the hook with offers. Clearly I knew how good my work was, so of course anyone who saw the work would think the same. While there is some objectivity and I have received a handful of gigs from the aforementioned method the vast majority of work I have had over the years came from my network of friends and colleagues. In fact, I can only think of two instances where I merely sent my resume and portfolio and was offered work.

Right out of NYU I took a job as the lighting assistant at San Francisco Opera. I got the job through one of my mentors. There I met several directors who I have since worked with. Numerous projects I did in the first few years came through classmates of mine or other people I met through school. Of course as projects occur there is a whole new group to interact with. The director, for example, hires me for a show. Then the producers of that show enjoy my work enough to hire me for another project with them. The director on that show likes the work enough to bring me on to a third project. And so it goes.

I have seen many incredibly talented people sit by without work because they felt, as I once did, that it will suddenly appear. It might, but more than likely the next gig will come from a friend or colleague or mentor. Speaking with numerous freelancers across disciplines I have found this to be true although especially in collaborative art forms like theater, opera and dance. There are many mistakes that one could make but one of the most important things to do is simply get out there.

I often joke about how my job really breaks down to hanging out with people all day. While I say this in jest, there is a degree of truth to it. The social dynamic that goes into a work of performance is as important as the work itself. The relationships between the various artists forge insights into the piece at hand that makes the work itself stronger. The lunches and dinners between technical rehearsals are as vital as those rehearsals themselves.

Opening night parties, fundraisers, and so forth, all serve to bring people together and form relationships which thus create a kind of emotional shorthand that allows you, as artists, to cut past the superficialities and dive more fully into the piece at hand.

I know numerous people in the tech industries who swear by LinkedIn, Twitter and the like for networking for jobs. Perhaps that works in the performing arts, although I must say, as connected as I am on-line, by and large I have not known that to be the case. What I do know is that by maintaining and continually building relationships with my friends work comes my way. Networking is not a matter of asking everyone you know for work. It is simply a matter of spending time with people whose company you enjoy.

Perhaps networking as a verb is a misnomer. The network exists. We are simply actors within a preexisting network who, through our socializing, increase and expand that network. Occasionally the network drives work from one person to another within it.

Working in the arts is never easy and the money is rarely good. Just as doing work that you are not invested in is a waste of your, and everyone else’s, time, so too is working with people you do not enjoy. Because so much of the product is the process, to ignore that is to miss a major component of creating the work itself.

I hear people often speak in terms like “exploiting your social network” and other such things. My experience is much different. In fact if you feed your relationships and friendships your network will end up exploiting your talents and keep you busy with engaging and interesting projects. Nurturing those relationships is the key to a healthy career. But once you have the gig you need to prove your worth. That is where the talent comes in.

I am in a curious position right now. After building up my network for 7+ years in New York I suddenly found myself without it. Having relocated from one part of the country to another my network had to be rebuilt. It did not take long to notice its absence and begin working to fill that void.

While it could be said that I am networking, more to the point, I am finding interesting people to spend my time with. I am going out to look at work that appeals to and engages me artistically. While some projects have come my way through this of greater import is making new friends, deepening relationships, and finding interesting and engaging new art.

International Networks, Theatre and Sleep Mode

Tuesday, January 16th, 2007

I got a new phone yesterday. It was a fairly painless process. I got a better phone than I previously had for free without the hassle of dealing with rebates. I do have a new service provider and a slightly smaller plan, but the monthly bill is going to be more than a third less than it has been. Very exciting. But rather than showing you a picture of the phone, I’ll let you see a picture it took of my computer running its screensaver designed by my friend Spot:

Multimedia message

OK, so the camera is about the same, but the service is much better, so I am happy about that.

Antigone has been accepted to the Sibiu Theatre Festival, so I should be heading to Rumania this spring. This is not the Antigone I lit last November, but another one. I am quite excited about this project. I have worked with a lot of Europeans, but have not yet worked in Europe. This version of Antigone is adapted for a single female performer. It is very exciting. It takes the best elements of the Sophocles and Anouilh and reworks them to make a truly contemporary text. The journey for Creon is a failed redemption after the fall from grace engendered by the “Power corrupts, absolute power corrupts absolutely” idea.

It speaks to the contemporary United States as much as any other contemporary fascist state. I think it will translate well to an audience in a former Communist/Fascist state. Of course we won’t really know until it plays, so we shall see.

A foreigner crossing Thebes on his journey
Would witness a town of order: a king that rules and a town that calmly works.
He would not see the turbulences underneath the tamed waters.

Who would say that a girl is dying out of mercifulness?

In more local news, I will be working at the New York Theatre Workshop this spring. It is an assisting gig not a design position, but I get to hang out with my friend Mark for a few weeks, so that will be fun. I have only seen him a handfull of times since he graduated NYU. We worked together for a year in the dance department there. It will be nice to hang out. Um, I mean work.

I have a chiropractic appointment soon, and then off to a runthrough for Last Word. I am excited to see what this thing is looking like. We load in to St. Clement’s next week and enter previews the following Tuesday. I ended 2006 with a one person Off-Broadway play, and start 2007 with a two person Off-Broadway. It makes for a nice continuity.

Who I am/Where I am – On the Globe and In the Network

Tuesday, June 27th, 2006

As of now I maintain two blogs. My blogger that is used for research and storage of articles that might be useful. Or when I am pissed off, politics and the horrible antics of our corrupt and illegal government. And then there is my LiveJournal for theorizing. This is almost exclusively theatre based, it is original creative theoretical writings.

I am curious of the readers of these if it would be useful to merge the two. It seems, based on my own blog reading, that there is a preference for the blogger type blog. I use the two for different purposes and each one is suited to its own purpose quite well. The ‘blog this’ functions of blogger integrates into Firefox quite well and makes it easy to grab bits of articles and post links. LiveJournal allows for comment threads, which I love for conversations as it can keep two divergent trains of thought going simultaneously without getting muddled.

If I do not hear anything back from the readers I will assume the status quo is good enough.

While I am at it I also maintain a portfolio where I have archival pictures of past shows and artist/design statements.

I have a Flickr account for hosting images on line.

I have a My Space account for general social networking and keeping track of friends. Friendster for the same, although few people seem to use it anymore.

I have another portfolio on a british website as well as my NYU Portfolio.

My del.icio.us account is used in fits and starts. Often depending on how much text research I am doing for a show as opposed to visual research.

I have an AIM/iChat account but I will not tell you my user name in a public forum.

I moved to New York five years ago for graduate school from Berkeley, CA. For the last two years I have split my time between New York and Oakland, CA. I am now based permanently in New York, although I seem to travel across the country to design and assist, wherever needed.

I have an amazing girlfriend who will be moving to New York from Oakland this fall around our two year anniversary.

How is that for Web 2.0 meets Bio 2.0?

Have a good day.

Oh, and as always, if you like what you read I can take donations

Global Art: a Practicum, or How to Rock Out

Monday, June 26th, 2006

I started writing this somewhere after six in the morning on Sunday, up all night at a party that I was lighting. The dance floor was filled, the music was rocking, the people were smiling. This was my first dance floor I had lit in over two years and I was working with a light board that was fairly unfamiliar to me. But all in all that part of it was a success. The big ‘However’ comes at three in the morning when the speakers go out, following a few beats of stunned silence before the lights and video projectors fail. We get the speakers back up but due to faulty power in the building and a miscommunication with the electrical layout, the lights and all but one projector are taken off line for the rest of the evening. It was too bad as I was just getting back into the swing of using Technobeams.

Minor disappointments aside, the party was a huge success. Even after the power failure we had a full room and people just kept dancing in the half light. Being out of a job for the rest of the evening I was able to have fantastic conversations. I was even able to get some dancing in myself.

I must say, lighting a room where there is no goal other than to fuckin’ rock out is a wonderful break. Its like an intellectual and artistic vacation. A time to stretch nearly forgotten muscles and let others relax. It is also a good reminder that this stuff we do is fun.

I ran into many people I know who I had not seen for quite some time. My friend Spot, just in from France, brought his electric sheep to dream for us, two of the DJ’s flew out from San Francisco to spin records for the night, and a whole slew of people I did not know would come, or were even in town, I got to see dancing all night long. It was not very global, but it certainly was national in scope, bringing together an amazingly diverse group of people to come and celebrate and enjoy each others company for a night.

This is a lot of what I mean when I talk about the Global Stage. It is this meeting of the minds from across social and geographic distances that creates powerful and vital experiences for everyone involved. It is easy for any group activity to become insular and stale, but it is much more difficult if not impossible when the people making up the group bring with them a wide and diverse range of ideas and backgrounds.

Working across the US in a variety of mediums (theatre, opera and dance) has made me a much better artist. Working with people from across the US, Europe, South America, Africa and Asia gives me new currents of energy to work with and strengthens the work as a whole.

One of the most amazing theatre experiences I have had was touring with a Ballet Company across the US. We performed one night in a small town in rural Arkansas. The town was visibly quite economically depressed. Talking with one of the women who had helped fund bringing us out there, I found out that a number of the wealthier community members got together to bring several theatre and dance companies to this town that otherwise had no arts infrastructure. The looks of wonder on the faces of the children who watched our Nutcracker was amazing to see. For many of these children, and adults, this might be the only live theatre they ever see. The company had members from across the US, Venezuela, Japan, and England. We played for an audience that might well never go more than a few towns away from where they were born. And yet, despite these differences of background, we were able to make a connection. This is the global stage. This is an aspect of the Networked Stage.

The rave community, in a similar fashion to touring dance and a lot of regional theatre, has a strong global network, or at least the potential for one. John Clancy talks about creating a national touring circuit for [Alternative/Indie/Off-Off-Broadway] Theatre. That is, I think, a necessary first step towards creating a truly global and networked theatre. The work is being produced, but there are barriers to distribution that hamper the potentials of the Networked Theatre.

When I started working with Impact Theatre nine(ish) years ago, most of the scripts were written in house. With the rapid advancements in the internet and other technologies they are now producing works by playwrights across the country. This is the networked global stage. We must move beyond simple ideas of geography and real estate to recognize that increasingly our world and indeed our true community lies beyond such antiquated ideas.

We live in the future.

Welcome.

Producing Networked Dependence

Monday, May 1st, 2006

Isaac keeps going with his process discussion and it leads to some interesting conclusions. In his discussions of collaboration and group vision he talks about a kind of vision emanating from the production itself. He says “There is no one “author” of a given theatrical work if the collaboration went according to plan. The group works together to create this new thing out of the raw materials at hand.”

This is an idea that I have seen get a lot of people into trouble. Lighting designers who think they should design scenery or costume designers who try and do staging. And while there are always elements of that, the process works better when there is a communal sharing of ideas. When there is a kind of meeting of the minds and each element takes its cue from each other yet works independently. The flute does not try and play to violin, though it must listen closely as it comes in right on the end of that part. The conductor need not touch an instrument to have it played properly.

The gestalt of a theatrical production is addressed in part here, where the comments get into discussions of a dialectical creation of a third identity out of the conflict between protagonist and antagonist. A meta-self borne of competing ideologies and forces for change or stasis. This idea of theatrical self is latent in all theatre productions but only comes to full fruition on that rare and unique occasion.

The creative force of production is greater than the sum of its parts. One could go on and on about the hierarchy of roles in the theatre. It’s the playwright, it’s the director, etc. etc. For me these questions are largely insubstantial. While it is true that without a playscript there would be nothing upon which the production would hang. At the same time, without a production a playscript in nothing more than a piece of literature at best. But how many plays get published without having been first produced? How many famous works of orchestral music never get performed? As Joshua says playwrights are the architects of their plays, however they are not the architect of a production.

Without a production none of this becomes alive. The spirit of the production is greater than the sum of its parts. And in a production everyone is helpless. No one can do it alone. A brilliant play can be ruined with poor staging. A fantastic performance can appear trite with bad lighting or uncomfortable costumes. Everyone involved relies on everyone else. It is a fragile thing. Infinite trust must be placed in people you may have only known of days or hours. It is a delicate game.

In Plato’s Phaedrus the point is argued that speech is a superior form of language to writing. Speech is immediate and direct. It is not mediated through technologies like paper and pen. Rather the source of the ideation may communicate directly with their intended audience. Speech affords the clarification of misunderstandings and can be tailored to the specific moment while writing is universal and so on and so forth. Derrida in Dissemination makes the point that this critique of writing comes from a story that we only know through written text. As a result its very nature disproves its argument.

This is hugely beneficial to this discussion of the various roles and interrelationships of theatre artists. Rather than searching for a hierarchy of values perhaps a greater understanding of the symbiotic nature of these relationships is needed. When Joshua argues that writers are marginalized in production settings he points out a valid concern. And the trick here is to find a balance between that marginalization and the needs of the productions which may run somewhat differently to the vision of the writer.

There is a famous blues song called ‘In the Pines’ alternately titled ‘Black Girl’ and ‘Where Did You Sleep Last Night.’ It was first recorded by Leadbelly for the Library of Congress archives. There are numerous recordings of this tune. One of the most famous and highly revered versions is the recording by Nirvana at their MTV UnPlugged session. It seems that the ideas of authenticity are not so clear cut in this situation. Another example is the “Alabama Song’ music by Kurt Weill and lyrics by Bertolt Brecht. Yet the definitive version of this was a rendition by The Doors. Where do authorship and authenticity collide and where do they diverge? These lines are not so clear cut.

In fact as our Networked world continues to expand its interdependence, we must find new and different ways of learning and understanding. Old models begin to fall out of favor and new modes of being are borne to take their place. This is the evolution of the world if ideas. Welcome to the future.

Integrating fractures

Saturday, April 29th, 2006

Isaac discusses his process as a director and it looks to be a promising series of essays on the mind of a director. It is interesting to note that while Isaac find its necessary to discuss process from a more abstracted metaphorical perspective, Josh Costello gives us a warts and all realism that is equally powerful in its bluntness. It might be interesting to track these two discussions as through the looking glass images of each other.

Both of these blogs point to a rise in the quality of information that is available to the modern reader. Virtually anything one wishes to know is at hand. The constraints on knowledge are no longer matters of education and memory so much as they are ability to do efficacious searches and how to use information. I like this latter point. We are witnessing an evolution of the very concept of intelligence. Memory is not at issue. Facts are not so much the concern, rather the use of knowledge is key. Sure this has always been the case, but there was always the limiter of memory. Mental processing power had to be expended not just on constructing ideas and arguments, but on remembering facts. The use of mnemonics can be useful in factual recall but you still expend brain power. The rise of modern search engines and resources like wikipedia allow the brain to only use the mnemonic key words and allow the computer to do the processing while the brain can continue on with higher level functions.

I have a terrible memory for facts. Especially detail oriented facts. However, I have a wonderful relational memory. So long as I can fit things into a structure or a conceptual framework I can operate within that framework and surprisingly recall the necessary facts. This comes in quite handy with lighting. When you are dealing with thousands of pieces of discreet information it becomes impossible to keep it all straight. But place it all in a highly structured and relation network of information and any single fact can be recalled with ease. Ask me a question I will probably forget the answer. Get me into a conversation and I will toss out all sorts of facts.

Light is wholly relational. As Albers notes, color is a deeply relational thing. In fact, it is possible to make a color appear to be its compliment depending upon the context. In order to do that a knowledge of the system is needed. But once the system is understood the factual details become unnecessary.

This is true in terms of working on a play in general. When you first start engaging a text it is useful to break it down on several levels. Scenes, beats, and so forth. With this it becomes possible to create various maps of how the play moves and find analogous maps out in the world. This leads to finding socio-historical analogues to the situations in the play. These then form the basis of a production concept. The difficulty with this is that you essentially have two systems of logic at play simultaneously. Ideally these are sympathetic systems and work well with each other, but at some point they are bound to come into conflict. After all, there are radical differences between the time of Richard III and the interval between the world wars. Yet it is a brilliant setting for the play.

Conflicts arise. How do you navigate through these conflicts? Well, its contextual. Within the hybrid system you have devised you must see what is the most logical answer. Sticking to to one system or the other will not solve the problem it will only create another. In this moment the spirit of the production comes out. The tensions in the visual language become apparent and now it becomes interesting. When Paul Sorvino says ‘Hand me my longsword’ in Romeo+Juliet we see this conflict resolved by manifesting the text in the setting. And by doing this the text and image come together as a single event. Favor one too heavily and you risk fracturing this delicate balance.

This same tension exists in our contemporary world with technologies like the internet. We have the ability to meet and form relationships with people based entirely upon the meeting of minds. Textual interactions are an almost exclusively intellectual activity. They may be emotionally charged, but the interactions are all mediated through intellect. When these interaction leave the digital and enter the phenomenal world of beings a new dynamic is formed. The screen self and the social self must confront one another. A choice must be made, not to one or the other, but towards integration of aspects.

Metaphor and blunt reality can and must coexist as integrated aspects of a single being. The human experience is a constant stream of these confrontations and every time a choice must be made. And every choice offers the possibility of integration or fracture.

Local Networks and Redefining the Regions

Sunday, April 23rd, 2006

I have been writing a lot about the networked stage recently, an idea originated by Zay Amsbury. I feel this is a valuable conceptual model and one worth further investigation I also feel it generates an incomplete model. While it can serve to tell us how things might work, it does little in terms of content. While I think this is a great asset I feel that discussions of content are of equal or perhaps greater importance.

The New Humanism, brought out in recent discussions, is an important vector of thought regarding the future of theatre. As the world becomes increasingly technologically advanced there might be a tendency away from the human as subject as we get carried away with technology. There is a tendency away from the immediate and towards the Spectactular. Cirque du Soliel, the Broadway Musical, or the West End. These are all examples of Spectactular entertainment.

Where I differ from the Situationists is that I do not feel there is an inherent detriment to humanity in spectactular society. Quite the contrary I feel it has a very important role to play in the social functioning of a culture. As technological life becomes increasingly demanding there is a need for release from that and nothing short of sex offers that release like spectacular entertainment. The ever present danger however is that the seduction of the spectacular will reduce ones impulses towards direct live interaction to zero.

Blogging and social networking technologies can provide one vector of resistance against the totalizing forces of spectacular society. By their very nature they are interactive. The problems with them lie in the virtuality of their existence. Every interaction is mediated through a computer screen. Human touch and human speech are not allowed due to the very nature of the mediums themselves. We do not yet know the full implications of these new technologies on society. Further, technological advances outpace our cultural ability to integrate the technologies into daily use.

Major media outlets, be they film, the recording industry or commercial theatre are too large to maneuver around the changing pace of technological growth. They can integrate technology faster because of their size and wealth, but lack the capacity to come to terms with it on an ontological level. Theatre at the Regional level or smaller, on the other hand, is highly maneuvarable and contains within it the ability to adapt quickly to changing social and cultural forces.

I have seen an interesting trend of late in discussions with people about how to relocate theatre in a more centralized cultural location. Several people, totally independent of one another, have spoken of creating theatre spaces that serve as community centers. This is not community theatre where you politely clap for your next door neighbors poor performance. This is a return to theatre’s foundational source of power. The first theatre was around the campfire, telling stories after the hunt, or a shaman telling of spirits to be wary of. The regional theatre movement first started as a means of bringing high quality theatre to communities outside the major theatre centers. The member companies of the League of Regional Theaters do an amazing job at producing work for geographically specific audiences.

There is a movement gaining momentum among younger theatre practitioners to revitalize some of these older LORT theatre’s. A resurgence of this movement on the way. As the spectacle grows, so too does the countervailing forces searching for more demanding and engaging works. This is work that understands why we must play together. Work that speaks to a specific locality, a singular time and place, yet brings us out into a larger world when the curtain comes down. Work that asks you to question some of your basic assumptions about life, the universe and everything. Work that leaves an audience demanding more because once awakened, the hunger for truth is insatiable.

relentless feedback

Thursday, April 20th, 2006

Zay writes about the origin of dramatic conflict and I immediately begin thinking of networks. The idea of a networked reality is beginning to feel a little empty to me. Porphyre suggests creating a kind of neo-futrist forum to discuss matters of networks and futurity. But I am wary of its potential efficacity. Talking of networks and the future does not bring them about. Or perhaps that is the future, endless dialogue about a subject we have long forgotten.In the same way that only when the moment of spiritual enlightenment has ended do we begin ascribing words to the situation.

In the discussions of dramatic competition, Alison takes issue with my dualistic reading of Greek dramatic structure pointing out that there are three characters necessary for the drama. And there is the network. Complexity borne of mutual relationships. The dualist line of thinking came as an extension to Zay’s initial post, but I think it still has some significance. Within the duality is an already present, waiting to manifest, third. The synthesis. The cathersis. The being changed from force in opposition to unified whole.

In Ajax, the moment is found not even in death, but only later in the allowance for burial. Unity delayed. While it does not have the efficiency of the more famous Oedipus it is a more staid and extended meditation on this notion of catharsis. Death is not enough. Death must find social and legal sanction before its impact may be felt.

By extending the moment of transformation it makes visible the always existing third party to the dualistic conflict. The madness of self righteous fury shoves one into the harsh light of day and there we must watch, relentless, the destruction of a man’s soul. Slowly. Painfully. His dignity and right to die withheld. Revelation is not enough for this tragedy. Fate must continue to toy with his soul like cat with its half dead mouse.

The failure of dualistic thinking is that the synthesis always already exists in potentia before a first encounter. Here we can see this kind of dualism in action. While watching arguments can be fun at times, one can also step back and see the whole thing as a kind of metalinguistic ironic joke on the meaning of irony.

Networks rely upon various actors exerting force upon each other through the exchange of information. This relational system becomes a kind of feedback loop. Yet, there is very little room for release in the system. Human relationships are often resolved through encounter with another being. In a digital space this is not necessarily possible. One can not simply go out for drinks and talk it over. The discussion must continue, fragmented over shards of the network never quite resolving. Tristan und Isolde without the Liebestod.

Shortly after moving to New York five years ago I remember going to a number of noise parties. The music and indeed overall ambience of these events was like being trapped between a microphone and a speaker as they fed information back to one another. What fascinated me about these events was when I left, the musicality of the city became heightened. I can not say that I actually had any fun at these events, but they were quite powerful in that moment of cathartic transformation when an ending becomes a beginning and the building tensions are allowed for a moment to release.

An Expansive reading of the Networked Stage

Monday, April 17th, 2006

When Zay Amsbury puts forth the idea of The Networked Stage he is discussing a conceptual approach to thinking about theatre that takes as its baseline the interconnectedness of our contemporary technological world. Networks exist everywhere. They are the basis of a social existence. They are the essence of a non social existence. Networks are a conceptual tool that explain biological life and most everything else on our planet and in our experiences.

Theatre can only exist as a network. And it is a fragile one. No single person can be wholly responsible for a production. The playwright writes and then must leave their words in the hands of a director and actors, trusting them to do their work. Dramaturgs, designers, stage managers, board operators are all tied in together in a web of relations that go into creating an evening of theatre. An audience must watch and so the people involved in marketing and subscriptions are just as necessary to the process. And it is a fragile network, a gentile web that can break from the slightest piece being out of alignment.

A sudden sound cue that occurs out of place can throw an actor off their timing and snowball through a scene, act and finally a whole evening. The work we do is so fragile and so delicate and the slightest misalignment can knock the entire project off course. At the same time, this is some of the magic that can occur behind the scenes. A huge machine operated by numerous people at different times that all comes together in a single event. Many autonomous agents creating a thing bordering on the miraculous. Every night.

The network is not just the artists who create, but everyone, at every level in the process. Like Scrooge believes the visions could be a product of a bad piece of meat, so too is the creative process determined often by a chance bird flying past your window. And in the same manner, the networked production exists as all these chance encounters stabilize into a unified vision. A coherent whole borne out of the chaotic mass of human potential.

I remember reading once that an airplane is off course ninety-nine percent of the time, yet through constant small adjustments it ends up landing on course. The networked production, in the same manner, must always struggle to regain its balance and stay on course, though at any given time it may be radically off-course. Your physician, if you are lucky enough to work in theatre and have health care, is as much a part of the network as the book of Gaudi’s architecture that sits on your shelf. In a larger sense, how you live is as important as what you do. Sometimes its easy and sometimes you need a kick in the head. But whatever it is that you do is a vital and necessary part of the network.

Aesthetic Relativity and Fractal Networks

Sunday, April 9th, 2006

When I wrote the other day about the quality of light I took a rather extreme approach. I placed the difference between quality and angle and color as though they approached a kind of mutual exclusivity. Certainly this is not the case. Some of what makes the colors, angles and the qualities of light interesting in their transformation is the reconfiguration of similar elements we have seen before. The same color coming out of two kinds of light creates a different feel. In a way, this is its own kind of Network. It is a relational system of signs with no inherent meaning. Its meaning comes from its relation to bodies and text and to itself over time. Elements take on significance as time goes on. As they relate to each other. As this four dimensional network expands in time and space.

Relational Networks.

Relational networks of meaning come in many forms. Friendships are a kind of binary network with various ties to external beings. The business world is a Network, politics, art etc. etc. The idea of Networks does not hold much meaning on its own. Rather its meaning is derived from the context in which it is used. As a conceptual tool then it becomes a very strong and powerful idea. Networks then are part of a network and rely on their own networks for meaning.

Joseph Albers in The Interaction of Color states that “In visual perception a color is almost never seen as it really is – as it physically is. This fact makes color the most relative medium in art.” This point would become obvious to anyone who studied color even briefly. White can appear white, green, red, blue, or any number of colors. Saturated colors can appear dull just as white or black can appear rich and lush. It is relational. It is a matter of contrast. And as a drawing teacher of mine once said “Contrast equals interest.”

Aesthetic Networks.

Why is Rothko so interesting? Well there are many reasons for this perhaps, but one thing for me is how his work stands in relation to the whole history of art and oil painting. When you think ‘painting,’ names like Vermeer or Ingres and the images associated with them come to mind. Rich and powerful images with a meticulous attention to detail. Full palette of colors utilized to outline and give texture to a myriad forms. And then there is Rothko whose blank canvas is like a snapshot of emotion. The color, if there is any, is simple and clear. We look at these works and see them in relation to everything we know about painting and everything we expect and suddenly, their power overwhelms us and we stand before them in awe.

Fractal Networks.

Aesthetic networks exist in the larger world of art, but also exist on a micro scale within an individual work. Mediums that are time dependent or linear make this very obvious. In a play, or a film or a novel, characters evolve and visual symbols become more and more filled with meaning and significance as the network of relations within the work expands and develops. In the film Hero we might at first be struck by the beauty of the colors and cinematography of the work, but as it goes on and we learn more and more of the story, we begin to see a stronger visual element of story telling. Suddenly we find ourselves immersed in a world where the story is told through image and movement and the words spoken become like a backdrop, a beautiful and necessary element, though not sufficient to tell the story.

Emotional Networks.

Last night a former teacher of mine, Paul Steinberg, came to see Cupid and Psyche and we got into quite a discussion at the intermission. The set designer has created a highly abstracted space. A simple, clean environment that gives a lot of room for the actors and the audience to create the world of the play in their minds. Our discussion centered around how much visual information to give an audience. The point was made that too much information is boring. It leaves no room for the imagination. The audience will be able to imagine something far more fabulous and wonderful than anything that could be put on stage. This is the power of the networked stage. This is the actor reacting to something he sees and inviting the audience in to participate and see what he sees. And when they do, what he sees becomes even more clear and powerful and real. And then the exchange begins.

Theatre is a dialog. It is not a closed system, but an ever growing network of relations that build and feed upon one another. It is not about illusions so much as it is about the imagination. Ingres might give us the beautiful illusion of fabrics and jewels and woods on a two dimensional surface, but Rothko provides a springboard for emotion and the imagination.


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