Posts Tagged ‘learning’

Fundamentals

Monday, January 10th, 2011

In learning new skills one, by necessity, focuses on fundamentals. You have to learn the rules before you can break them. Or you learn the rules so you know never to break them. In Zen mind, Beginner’s mind Shunryu Suzuki makes the observation that “In the beginner’s mind there are many possibilities, in the expert’s there are few.” Suzuki encourages the student to cultivate a Beginner’s Mind such that they might continue to see unlimited possibility as they progress through deeper levels of awareness and understanding.

This cultivation of a Beginner’s Mind is no less important to art as it is to the study of Zen Buddhism. As one progresses in their artistic life it is seductive to see one’s accomplishments as proof that they have mastered a subject or a technique. I have come to that line of thinking myself from time to time. When I find myself there, I try and force myself back to a beginner’s state. I refocus my efforts on the fundamentals. My essays on color theory were written more as my own personal exercise in fundamentals than they were an attempt to demonstrate mastery. The same was true when writing about templates or most any other subject that appears in this blog.

Reminding myself of fundamentals can be a truly difficult task at times. This can be especially true when working in a space I know well. “Oh yeah, the sidelight spaces out like such and such.” But every set is different. Every show is different. This show might need a steeper angle than that last one. The comedy a lower angle than the drama.

It can be a hard discipline to actually sit yourself down and do all the worksheets. I’ll admit I cut corners from time to time. But in the end it is a far more enjoyable experience to finish focus early and go out for drinks than it is to stay late and move a whole sidelight system. It happens both ways. For every designer who doesn’t check each zone of sidelight there is an electrician who eyeballs the distance between the lights. And when those two meet, oh boy will it be a long and painful focus session.

We are dynamic creatures. We are either growing or we are dying. We are moving forwards or we are moving backwards. Never are we actually still. In order to keep moving ourselves forward, to keep evolving as individuals and as artists, we must keep a focus on improving ourselves. Be that through emotional awareness or artistic craft, if we are not working to improve then we are allowing our skills to atrophy.

Fundamentals.

Some friends of mine recently published a book on Cocktails. The myriad recipes for divine ambrosia can be intimidating to look at. Someone coming at them, unfamiliar with contemporary cocktailing, might balk at the use of mango and jalapeno in a drink. Or worse, think that a cocktail is nothing more than a bunch of random food items mixed together with some obscure booze.

But the reason these recipes are so effective is that they are born out of an understanding of cocktail fundamentals. The oldest definition of a cocktail is from 1806 and defines it as “a stimulating liquor composed of spirits of any kind, sugar, water, and bitters.” Rather simple. The Old Fashioned is the clearest example of this, but any classic cocktail, more or less, fits the bill. Many of these fancy newfangled cocktails are really just an elaboration on these original oldfangled cocktails.

Whether one is making a Filibuster or a Sazerac a knowledge of the fundamentals of cocktailing are necessary to make a first rate drink. Be they recipes from Jerry Thomas’ How to Mix drinks or the formulas laid down in David A. Embury’s The Fine Art of Mixing Drinks, a master mixologist must know her fundamentals to make new concoctions worth drinking. Before inventing your own recipe, you need to master the Old Fashioned.

Design works the same way. Lighting is, first and foremost, about putting light where you want it and taking it away from where your don’t want it. Rather simple. This same principle applies whether we are talking about a one man monologue, or Spider-Man, or a tradeshow floor. The details might change. The technology might change. Yet the fundamental underlying principal remains the same.

This is why I like to look back at old lighting texts. Stanley McCandless or Jean Rosenthal deal in fundamentals. Back before we had automated everything, with hundreds of dimmers and almost limitless capacity, they were finding solutions to make a limited situation as flexible, durable, and dynamic as it could be. Returning to these basic texts can help us step back from the cutting edge of technology and actually look at what we are doing.

Finding access to that Beginner’s mind, focusing on the fundamentals, can keep us moving forward and perfecting our craft. With the Beginner’s Mind we keep working on the fundamentals, we keep growing. As we deepen our awareness we deepen the mastery of our craft.

Meditating on Mental Exercises

Sunday, May 13th, 2007

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Three months of intense training in a form of meditation known as “insight” in Sanskrit can sharpen a person’s brain enough to help them notice details they might otherwise miss.

These new findings add to a growing body of research showing that millennia-old mental disciplines can help control and improve the mind, possibly to help treat conditions such as attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).

“Certain mental characteristics that were previously regarded as relatively fixed can actually be changed by mental training,” University of Wisconsin neuroscientist Richard Davidson said. “People know physical exercise can improve the body, but our research and that of others holds out the prospects that mental exercise can improve minds.”

Mapping educated guesses

Thursday, May 10th, 2007

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Robots that use educated guesswork to build maps of their surroundings are being tested by US researchers. The approach could let them navigate more easily through complex environments such as unfamiliar buildings, the researchers claim.

Navigation is one of the biggest challenges faced by mobile robots. One popular technique, dubbed SLAM (simultaneous localisation and mapping), involves having a robot build a map of the local area, whilst also tracking its position (see Uncharted territory).

While humans find it easy to create “mental maps” in this way, it is difficult and time consuming for a robot to perform the same task.

Robots typically use laser scanners and odometers to measure distances for mapping. To speed up this process, and to make it more accurate, researchers have previously tried using different algorithms, or set teams of robots to explore an area together.

Now, George Lee and colleagues at Purdue University, US, have come up with an altogether different approach. They have developed an algorithm that uses information already collected to “guess” what comes next.

“We realised that, because you are building up a map as you go along, you can use it like a database to predict the environment in unknown areas,” Lee told New Scientist. “Once you have that prediction, you can either save time and not look, or explore anyway and get a more accurate map.”

The Next Step Was Training Robot Psychologists

Sunday, February 25th, 2007

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The project involves building a series of robots that can take sensory input from the humans they are interacting with and then adapt their behaviour accordingly.

Dr Canamero likens the robots to babies that learn their behaviour from the patterns of movement and emotional state of the world around them.

The robots themselves are simple machines – and in some cases they are off-the-shelf machines. The most interesting aspect of the project is the software.

Dr Canamero said: “We will use very simple robots as the hardware, and for some of the machines we will build expressive heads ourselves.

“We are most interested in programming and developing behavioural capabilities, particularly in social and emotional interactions with humans.”

The robots will learn from the feedback they receive from humans.

“It’s mostly behavioural and contact feedback.

“Tactile feedback and emotional feedback through positive reinforcement, such as kind words, nice behaviour or helping the robot do something if it is stuck.”

[SNIP]

“One of the things we are going to use to detect expressions in faces and patterns in motion is a (artificial) neural network.”

Artificial neural networks are being used because they are very useful for adapting to changing inputs – in this case detecting patterns in behaviour, voice, movement etc.

“Neural networks learn patterns from examples of observation,” said Dr Canamero.

[SNIP]

“It is very important to detect when the human user is angry and the robot has done something wrong or if the human is lonely and the robot needs to cheer him or her up.

“We are focusing on emotions relevant to a baby robot that has to grow and help human with every day life.”

One of the first robots built in the project is exhibiting imprinted behaviour – which is found among birds and some mammals when born.

Designing Robotic Evolution

Saturday, February 24th, 2007

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Robots that artificially evolve ways to communicate with one another have been demonstrated by Swiss researchers. The experiments suggest that simulated evolution could be a useful tool for those designing of swarms of robots.

Roboticists Dario Floreano, Sara Mitri, and Stéphane Magnenat at the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Lausanne collaborated with biologist Laurent Keller from the University of Lausanne.

They first evolved colonies of robots in software then tested different strategies on real bots. Both simulated and real robots were set loose in an arena containing two types of objects – one classified as “food” and another designated “poison” – both lit up red.

Each bot had a built-in attraction to food and aversion to poison. They also have a randomly-generated set of parameters, dubbed “genomes” that define the way they move, process sensory information, and how they flash their own blue lights.

“They start with completely random behaviour,” Keller explains. “All they can do is discriminate food from poison.” The robots can see both food or poison from a distance of several metres but can only tell them apart when almost touching.

[SNIP]

Further experiments involving real robots will be used to investigate ways that evolution could be used as a practical design tool. Keller also plans to test what happens when evolved and un-evolved bots mix.


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